| |
|
|
Preface to the Third Edition |
|
|
|
|
Introduction |
|
|
|
|
Ethics and Professional Responsibility |
|
|
|
|
Table of Contents |
|
|
|
Chapter 1: |
Preparing for the Sale or Purchase |
|
|
- § 1:1 : Representing the Seller1-2
- § 1:1.1 : Interviewing the Client1-2
- § 1:1.2 : Brokers1-6
- [A] : Brokerage Agreement1-6
- [B] : Agency Disclosure1-10
- § 1:1.3 : Structuring the Transaction1-12
- [A] : Federal Income Tax1-12
- [A][1] : Sale of a Residence1-12
- [A][2] : Other Sales1-14
- [B] : State and Local Transfer Taxes1-18
- [C] : Other Considerations1-19
- § 1:1.4 : Gathering Documents and Other Facts1-19
- § 1:1.5 : Binders and Letters of Intent1-21
- § 1:1.6 : Options and Rights of First Refusal1-25
- § 1:1.7 : Tenanted Buildings1-27
- § 1:1.8 : New Construction1-28
- § 1:1.9 : Condition of Property and Environmental Matters1-30
- § 1:2 : Representing the Purchaser1-32
- § 1:2.1 : Interviewing the Client1-32
- § 1:2.2 : Gathering Documents and Other Facts1-34
- § 1:2.3 : Inspection1-39
- § 1:2.4 : Structuring the Transaction1-41
- [A] : Financing1-41
- [B] : Federal Income Tax1-48
- [C] : Probate and Estate and Gift Taxes1-50
- [D] : Other Considerations1-51
- § 1:2.5 : Binders and Letters of Intent1-55
- § 1:2.6 : Options and Rights of First Refusal1-56
- § 1:2.7 : Tenanted Buildings1-58
- § 1:2.8 : New Construction1-59
- § 1:2.9 : Condition of Property and Environmental Matters1-60
- § 1:2.10 : Multistate Transactions1-62
- § 1:2.11 : Distressed Properties1-64
- § 1:2.12 : Auction Sales1-65
|
|
Chapter 2: |
Drafting and Negotiating the Contract |
|
|
- § 2:1 : Form of Contract2-5
- § 2:1.1 : Statute of Frauds2-5
- § 2:1.2 : Printed Forms and Typed Contracts2-11
- [A] : House Sales2-13
- [B] : Comparison of Forms2-16
- [C] : Sales of Tenanted Buildings2-17
- § 2:1.3 : Plain Language2-19
- § 2:2 : Usual Contract Provisions2-20
- § 2:2.1 : Date2-20
- § 2:2.2 : Parties2-21
- § 2:2.3 : Description of the Premises2-21
- [A] : Land2-22
- [B] : Easements2-25
- [C] : Buildings and Improvements2-26
- [D] : Street Beds and Condemnation Awards2-26
- [E] : Appurtenances2-27
- [F] : Personal Property2-27
- § 2:2.4 : Purchase Price2-29
- [A] : Earnest Money Deposit (Down Payment)2-29
- [B] : Acceptable Funds2-31
- § 2:2.5 : Purchase Money Note and Mortgage2-32
- [A] : Seller’s Mortgage Provisions2-36
- [B] : Purchaser’s Mortgage Provisions2-40
- § 2:2.6 : Existing Mortgage2-45
- § 2:2.7 : Acceptable Title and Title Insurance2-50
- [A] : Marketable Title2-51
- [B] : Fee Simple Title2-54
- [C] : Insurable Title2-54
- [D] : Permitted Exceptions to Title2-60
- [D][1] : Zoning and Similar Laws and Governmental Regulations2-60
- [D][2] : Consents for the Erection of Structures on, Under, or Above Any Streets on Which the Premises Abut2-62
- [D][3] : Encroachments of Stoops, Etc., Upon Any Street or Highway2-62
- [D][4] : Survey; Adverse Possession2-63
- [D][5] : Exceptions from Seller’s Title Insurance Policy2-71
- [D][6] : Matters Done or Suffered by Seller2-71
- [D][7] : Covenants, Restrictions, Easements, and Other Agreements2-71
- [D][8] : Rights of Tenants2-81
- [D][9] : Personal Inspection2-81
- [E] : Title Insurance2-82
- [E][1] : Rates2-85
- [E][2] : Policy Forms2-89
- [E][3] : Endorsements2-95
- [E][4] : Creditors’ Rights Exclusion2-98
- [E][5] : Forfeiture Statutes2-98
- § 2:2.8 : Form of Deed2-100
- § 2:2.9 : Closing Date and Place2-102
- [A] : Adjournments and Time of the Essence2-103
- § 2:2.10 : Broker2-107
- [A] : Entitlement to Commission2-108
- [B] : Written Agreement2-113
- [C] : Duties of Broker and Agency Disclosure2-115
- § 2:2.11 : Condition of Premises and Caveat Emptor2-116
- [A] : Caveat Emptor2-119
- [A][1] : Generally No Duty of Seller to Disclose Defects2-119
- [A][2] : Exceptions Requiring Disclosure2-120
- [A][3] : Liability for Representations of Seller2-129
- [A][4] : Purchaser’s Duty to Inspect2-133
- [A][5] : Contractual Defenses of Seller2-136
- [A][6] : Liability of Brokers2-140
- [B] : Contract Provisions2-142
- § 2:2.12 : Violations and Municipal Liens2-145
- [A] : Violations2-145
- [B] : Municipal Liens2-147
- § 2:2.13 : Apportionments, Installment Assessments, and Utility Readings2-148
- [A] : Apportionments2-148
- [B] : Installment Assessments2-151
- [C] : Utility Readings2-151
- § 2:2.14 : Objections to Title2-152
- [A] : Allowance for Unpaid Taxes, Etc.2-152
- [B] : Use of Purchase Price to Pay Encumbrances2-153
- [C] : Affidavits to Clear Objections2-154
- § 2:2.15 : Transfer and Recording Taxes2-154
- [A] : Transfer Taxes2-154
- [B] : New York State Real Property Transfer Gains Tax2-157
- [C] : Mortgage Recording Tax2-157
- [D] : Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax2-159
- § 2:2.16 : Purchaser’s Lien2-160
- § 2:2.17 : Remedies for Breach or Failure to Close2-161
- [A] : Breach of Seller’s Representations and Obligations2-161
- [A][1] : Rescission2-166
- [A][2] : Damages2-167
- [A][3] : Specific Performance; Notice of Pendency2-168
- [A][4] : Survival of Seller’s Representations and Obligations2-173
- [B] : Breach of Purchaser’s Obligations2-174
- [B][1] : Retention of Down Payment2-177
- [B][2] : Damages2-179
- [B][3] : Specific Performance2-180
- [C] : Termination or Cancellation of Contract of Sale2-180
- § 2:2.18 : Risk of Loss by Damage or Condemnation2-182
- [A] : Uniform Vendor and Purchaser Risk Act2-183
- § 2:2.19 : Miscellaneous Provisions2-184
- [A] : Entire Agreement2-184
- [B] : Changes Must Be in Writing2-184
- [C] : Binding on Heirs, Successors, and Assigns2-185
- [D] : Changes in Dates by Attorneys2-185
- [E] : Adjournment2-185
- [F] : Further Assurances2-186
- [G] : Exclusive Benefit2-186
- [H] : Assignment2-186
- § 2:2.20 : Execution and Delivery2-186
- § 2:3 : Additional Contract Provisions2-189
- § 2:3.1 : Mortgage Commitment Contingency2-190
- [A] : Contingency Clause2-190
- [B] : Institutional Lender and Mortgage Broker2-192
- [C] : Commitment Date2-193
- [D] : Loan Amount, Term, and Interest Rate2-194
- [E] : Purchaser’s Obligations2-196
- [F] : Rights to Cancel2-201
- [G] : Other Considerations2-210
- § 2:3.2 : Title Report; Title Opinion2-212
- § 2:3.3 : Certificate of Occupancy2-213
- § 2:3.4 : Condition of Systems and Appliances2-214
- § 2:3.5 : Seller’s Ownership and Power to Sell2-216
- § 2:3.6 : Delivery of Possession at Closing2-220
- § 2:3.7 : Limitation on Assignment of Contract2-221
- § 2:3.8 : Nonsurvival of Seller’s Liability2-221
- § 2:3.9 : Escrow of Down Payment2-223
- § 2:3.10 : Limitation of Purchaser’s Liability2-228
- § 2:3.11 : Insurance Against Violation of Covenants2-228
- § 2:3.12 : Inspection Contingency2-229
- § 2:3.13 : Maintenance of Grounds2-231
- § 2:3.14 : New York State Real Property Transfer Gains Tax2-231
- § 2:3.15 : Adjournments2-231
- § 2:3.16 : Notices by Mail; Notices by Attorneys2-232
- § 2:3.17 : Nonpayment of Check2-233
- § 2:3.18 : Risk of Loss2-233
- § 2:3.19 : Preclosing Possession by Purchaser2-234
- § 2:3.20 : Postclosing Possession by Seller2-236
- § 2:3.21 : Recording Memorandum of Contract2-237
- § 2:3.22 : New Construction2-237
- [A] : Plans and Specifications2-238
- [B] : “Punch List”2-238
- [C] : Guarantee of Work2-239
- [D] : Guarantees and Warranties2-239
- [E] : Certificates and Permits2-239
- [F] : Down Payment2-239
- [G] : Streets, Sewers, and Utilities2-240
- § 2:3.23 : Condominium Units2-240
- [A] : Description2-240
- [B] : Title Exceptions2-241
- [C] : Deed2-241
- [D] : Apportionments2-241
- [E] : Right of First Refusal2-241
- [F] : Statement of Common Charges2-241
- [G] : Payment of Transfer Fees2-241
- [H] : Valid Condominium2-242
- [I] : Risk of Loss As to Common Elements2-242
- § 2:3.24 : Representations of Seller and Conditions to Closing2-242
- § 2:3.25 : Environmental Matters2-243
- [A] : Generally2-243
- [B] : Environmental Assessment2-243
- [C] : Environmental Contract Provisions2-246
- [D] : Disclosure2-248
- [E] : Environmental Impact Statements2-250
- [F] : Approval and Permit Requirements2-250
- [G] : Hazardous Waste Cleanup Laws, Liens, and Superliens2-251
- [H] : Underground Storage Tanks2-255
- [I] : Other Hazardous Substances and Conditions2-258
- [J] : Insurance2-264
- § 2:3.26 : Miscellaneous Additional Provisions2-265
- [A] : Smoke Alarm and Other Required Provisions2-265
- [B] : Subject to Approval of Attorney2-265
- [C] : Subdivision or Rezoning Contingency2-267
- [D] : Interstate Land Sales Full Disclosure Act2-268
- [E] : Antitrust2-269
- [F] : Disabilities and Handicaps2-270
- [G] : Copyright Law2-271
- [H] : Alternative Dispute Resolution2-271
- [I] : Attorneys’ Fees2-272
- [J] : Sale Contingency2-272
- § 2:4 : Contracts for Tenanted Buildings2-272
- § 2:4.1 : General Considerations2-272
- § 2:4.2 : Seller’s Representations2-273
- [A] : Rent Schedule2-273
- [B] : Rent Control2-276
- [C] : Residential Appliances2-277
- [D] : Real Estate Taxes and Assessments2-277
- [E] : Insurance and Service Contracts2-277
- [F] : Employees2-278
- § 2:4.3 : Seller’s Obligations Between Contract and Closing2-278
- [A] : Existing Leases2-278
- [B] : New Leases2-279
- [C] : Application of Security Deposits2-280
- [D] : Service Contracts2-280
- [E] : Insurance Policies2-280
- [F] : Removal of Personal Property2-280
- [G] : Real Estate Tax Protests2-280
- [H] : Access to the Premises, the Leases, and Other Documents2-281
- § 2:4.4 : Seller’s Closing Obligations2-281
- [A] : Leases2-281
- [B] : Security Deposits2-281
- [C] : Updated Rent Schedule2-281
- [D] : Tenant Records2-282
- [E] : Notices to Tenants2-282
- [F] : Tenant Estoppel Letters2-282
- [G] : Service Contracts2-282
- [H] : Assignment of Contracts2-282
- [I] : Original Insurance Policies2-283
- [J] : Updated Representations2-283
- [K] : Plans and Specifications2-283
- [L] : Approvals of Leases2-283
- [M] : Expense Statements2-283
- [N] : Other Closing Documents2-283
- § 2:4.5 : Additional Apportionments2-283
- [A] : Prepaid Rents2-283
- [B] : Rent Arrears2-284
- [C] : Percentage Rents and Escalation Charges2-284
- [D] : Security Deposit Administrative Charges2-284
- [E] : Prepaid Fee or Charges Under Rent Regulation Statutes2-285
- [F] : Reletting Expenses2-285
- § 2:4.6 : Limitations on Survival of Seller’s Representations and Obligations2-285
|
|
Chapter 3: |
Preparing for the Closing |
|
|
- § 3:1 : Representing the Seller3-2
- § 3:1.1 : Review Purchaser’s Title Report and Arrange for Cure of Title Objections3-2
- § 3:1.2 : Apply for New York State Gains Tax Clearance3-4
- § 3:1.3 : Obtain Satisfactions or Closing Letters from Existing Mortgagees3-4
- § 3:1.4 : Prepare Closing Checklist3-6
- § 3:1.5 : Prepare Deed and Other Closing Documents3-6
- § 3:1.6 : Calculate Apportionments3-9
- § 3:1.7 : Arrange for Utility Readings3-12
- § 3:1.8 : Remind Purchaser to Deliver Proper Closing Checks3-12
- § 3:1.9 : Arrange for Payment of Transfer Taxes3-12
- § 3:1.10 : Obtain Waiver of Right of First Refusal for Condominium Unit3-13
- § 3:1.11 : Schedule the Closing3-13
- § 3:2 : Representing the Purchaser3-14
- § 3:2.1 : Review Mortgage Commitment3-14
- § 3:2.2 : Order and Review Title Report3-17
- § 3:2.3 : Prepare New York State Gains Tax Questionnaire3-20
- § 3:2.4 : Prepare Closing Checklist3-20
- § 3:2.5 : Verify Representations and Review Deed, Mortgage Loan Documents, and Other Closing Documents3-21
- § 3:2.6 : Calculate Apportionments3-25
- § 3:2.7 : Arrange for Opening Utility Accounts3-26
- § 3:2.8 : Arrange for Issuance of Fire and Liability Insurance Policies3-26
- § 3:2.9 : Arrange for Proper Closing Checks3-27
- § 3:2.10 : Have Purchaser Inspect Before Closing3-27
- § 3:2.11 : Schedule the Closing3-28
|
|
Chapter 4: |
The Closing |
|
|
- § 4:1 : Representing the Seller4-2
- § 4:1.1 : Deliver Deed and Other Closing Documents4-2
- § 4:1.2 : Deliver Closing Letters from Existing Mortgagees4-4
- § 4:1.3 : Deliver Affidavit to Title Company4-5
- § 4:1.4 : Deliver Transfer Tax Documents and Payments4-5
- § 4:1.5 : Deliver Keys4-6
- § 4:1.6 : Pick Up Closing Checks4-6
- § 4:1.7 : Pick Up Executed Purchase Money Note and Mortgage4-7
- § 4:1.8 : Pick Up Fire and Liability Insurance Policy4-9
- § 4:1.9 : Deliver Condominium Documents4-9
- § 4:1.10 : Complete Other Closing Checklist Requirements4-9
- § 4:1.11 : Designate Person to File IRS Closing Report4-10
- § 4:2 : Representing the Purchaser4-12
- § 4:2.1 : Review Deed and Other Closing Documents4-12
- § 4:2.2 : Deliver Note, Mortgage, and Other Loan Documents4-13
- § 4:2.3 : Deliver Fire and Liability Insurance Policies4-19
- § 4:2.4 : Have Title Report Marked and Redated4-19
- § 4:2.5 : Have Transfer Tax Documents Signed and Delivered4-20
- § 4:2.6 : File Miscellaneous Reports4-20
- § 4:2.7 : Deliver Closing Checks4-21
- § 4:2.8 : Pick Up Keys4-22
- § 4:2.9 : Pick Up Condominium Documents4-22
- § 4:2.10 : Complete Other Closing Checklist Requirements4-22
- § 4:2.11 : Designate Person to File IRS Closing Report4-23
- § 4:3 : After the Closing4-23
- § 4:3.1 : Representing the Seller4-23
- § 4:3.2 : Representing the Purchaser4-24
|
|
|
Appendices |
|
|
|
Appendix A: |
Checklist for Sale of New York Real Property |
|
|
|
Appendix B: |
Checklist for Purchase of New York Real Property |
|
|
|
Appendix C: |
NY Contract of Sale (NYBTU Form 8041) |
|
|
|
Appendix C1: |
NY Contract of Sale (Multibar) (11–2000) |
|
|
|
Appendix C2: |
NY Capital Region (Albany) Contract of Sale and Addenda |
|
|
|
Appendix C3: |
NY Erie County (Buffalo) Contract of Sale and Riders |
|
|
|
Appendix C4: |
Annotated NY Residential Contract of Sale (Multibar) (11/2000) |
|
|
|
Appendix C4A: |
Notes to Annotated NY Residential Contract of Sale (Multibar) (11/2000) |
|
|
|
Appendix C5: |
NY Monroe County (Rochester) Purchase and Sale Contract and Addenda |
|
|
|
Appendix C6: |
NY Rockland County Contract of Sale and Personal Property Rider |
|
|
|
Appendix D: |
Rider to NY House Contract of Sale (Form 316) |
|
|
|
Appendix D1: |
NY Condominium Contract of Sale (Form 146) |
|
|
|
Appendix E: |
Florida Contract of Sale |
|
|
|
Appendix F: |
Texas Contract of Sale |
|
|
|
Appendix G: |
Chicago, Illinois; Contract of Sale |
|
|
|
Appendix H: |
Boston, Massachusetts; Contract of Sale |
|
|
|
Appendix I: |
California Contract of Sale |
|
|
|
Appendix J: |
Forms Comparison Chart |
|
|
|
Appendix K: |
NY Contract of Sale: Office, Commercial, and Multi-Family Residential Premises (ABCNY) |
|
|
|
Appendix L: |
Contract of Sale: Office, Commercial, and Multi-Family Residential Premises (All States) (ABCNY) |
|
|
|
Appendix M: |
Mortgage Note (NYBTU Form 8011) |
|
|
|
Appendix N: |
First Mortgage (NYBTU Form 8014) |
|
|
|
Appendix O: |
ALTA Owner’s Policy with New York Coverage Endorsement (10/21/87) |
|
|
|
Appendix P: |
ALTA Owner’s Policy with New York Coverage Endorsement (10/17/92) |
|
|
|
Appendix P1: |
ALTA Owner’s Policy with New York Coverage Endorsement (6/17/06) |
|
|
|
Appendix Q: |
Bargain and Sale Deed with Covenant (NYBTU Form 8002) |
|
|
|
Appendix R: |
Brokerage Agreement Letter |
|
|
|
Appendix R1: |
NY Real Property Law § 443: Disclosure Regarding Real Estate Agency Relationship |
|
|
|
Appendix S: |
Customs in Respect to Title Closings |
|
|
|
Appendix T: |
Closing Checklist for Sale or Purchase of House |
|
|
|
Appendix U: |
Closing Financial Statement |
|
|
|
Appendix V: |
Closing Financial Statement (Alternate) |
|
|
|
Appendix W: |
Closing Memorandum |
|
|
|
Appendix X: |
Designation Agreement |
|
|
|
Appendix X1: |
I.R.S. Form W-9 |
|
|
|
Appendix Y: |
New Jersey Contract of Sale |
|
|
|
Appendix Z: |
Greater Hartford Association of Realtors Contract of Sale |
|
|
|
Appendix Z1: |
NY Property Condition Disclosure Act |
|
|
|
Appendix Z2: |
Residential Property Condition Disclosure Report (CT) |
|
|
|
Appendix Z3: |
Disclosure of Information on Lead-Based Paint and/or Lead-Based Paint Hazards |
|
|
|
Appendix Z4: |
Residential Loan Application |
|
|
|
Appendix Z5: |
Good Faith Estimate (GFE) |
|
|
|
Appendix Z6: |
Settlement Statement (HUD-1) |
|
|
|
Appendix Z7: |
Certification of Non-Foreign Status |
|
|
|
Appendix Z8: |
NY State Combined Real Estate Transfer Tax Return (TP-584) |
|
|
|
Appendix Z9: |
Sample Calculation of Closing Adjustments |
|
|
|
Appendix Z10: |
Good Faith Estimate (GFE) (2010) |
|
|
|
Appendix Z11: |
Settlement Statement (HUD-1) (2010) |
|
|
|
|
Table of Authorities |
|
|
|
|
Index |
|
|