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Introduction |
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Chapter 1: |
The Bail Reform Act of 1984: History and Summary of Provisions |
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- § 1:1 : Passage and Legislative History of the 1984 Act1
- § 1:2 : Subsequent Amendments2
- § 1:3 : Summary of Provisions and Changes from Prior Law2
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Chapter 2: |
The Initial Appearance |
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- § 2:1 : Generally6
- § 2:2 : Who May Conduct Hearing7
- § 2:3 : Court’s Options7
- § 2:4 : Practice Pointers8
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Chapter 3: |
Temporary Detention; And Appendix 3A: Order to Detain a Defendant Temporarily Under 18 U.S.C. Section 3142(d) |
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- § 3:1 : Generally11
- § 3:2 : Motion for Temporary Detention11
- § 3:3 : Eligible Cases11
- § 3:3.1 : Sec. 3142(d)(1)11
- § 3:3.2 : Sec. 3142(d)(2)12
- § 3:4 : Duration12
- § 3:5 : Form of Order13
- § 3:6 : Setting the Next Hearing13
- § 3:7 : Between Hearings13
- § 3:8 : Action by Other District14
- § 3:9 : Unlawful Flight by Defendant on Bond14
- § 3:10 : Practice Pointers15
- Appendix 3A : Order to Detain a Defendant Temporarily Under 18 U.S.C. § 3142(d)17
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Chapter 4: |
Factors the Court Considers |
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- § 4:1 : Generally21
- § 4:2 : Offense Charged21
- § 4:3 : Weight of Evidence22
- § 4:4 : Personal Characteristics22
- § 4:5 : Dangerousness23
- § 4:6 : Source of Collateral25
- § 4:7 : Practice Pointers25
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Chapter 5: |
Conditions of Release; And Appendices 5A-5C |
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- § 5:1 : Generally31
- § 5:2 : Standard That the Court Applies31
- § 5:3 : Least Restrictive Possible Conditions31
- § 5:4 : Conditions in Every Bond32
- § 5:5 : Other Conditions Court Can Impose34
- § 5:6 : Excessive Financial Conditions42
- § 5:7 : Amending Conditions of Release43
- § 5:8 : Sentence Credit for Pre-Conviction Time in Custody or on Bond44
- § 5:9 : Practice Pointers46
- Appendix 5A : Agreement to Forfeit Property (Other Than Real Property) to Obtain a Defendant’s Release49
- Appendix 5B : Agreement to Forfeit Real Property to Obtain a Defendant’s Release51
- Appendix 5C : Surety Information Sheet53
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Chapter 6: |
Pretrial Detention; And Appendix 6A: Motion for Detention Hearing |
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- § 6:1 : Generally60
- § 6:2 : How and by Whom Motion for Detention Hearing Is Made60
- § 6:3 : Timeliness of Motion for Detention Hearing61
- § 6:3.1 : Generally61
- § 6:3.2 : Strict Compliance—Second and Ninth Circuits62
- § 6:3.3 : After Temporary Detention Period—First, Fifth, Eleventh, and D.C. Circuits62
- § 6:3.4 : Rule 40, Charges in Another District—Seventh Circuit62
- § 6:3.5 : No Counsel Present at Initial Appearance—Eleventh Circuit63
- § 6:3.6 : Defendant in State Custody—First and Second Circuits63
- § 6:3.7 : First Appearance After Detention Motion—Eighth Circuit64
- § 6:3.8 : New Evidence and the “First Appearance” Rule—Fifth and Eighth Circuits64
- § 6:4 : Eligible Cases65
- § 6:5 : When Detention Hearing Is Held68
- § 6:5.1 : Generally68
- § 6:5.2 : Three- or Five-Day Continuances68
- § 6:5.3 : Saturdays, Sundays, and Holidays68
- § 6:5.4 : Strict Compliance with Time Limits—Ninth and Eleventh Circuits69
- § 6:5.5 : Sua Sponte Continuances69
- § 6:5.6 : Waiving Time Limits70
- § 6:5.7 : Good Cause71
- § 6:5.8 : After Temporary Detention71
- § 6:5.9 : Arrest in a Different District—Rule 4072
- § 6:5.10 : Waivers of Rights by Defendant73
- § 6:5.11 : Remedy for Excessive Delay74
- § 6:6 : Examinations of Defendant During Continuance75
- § 6:7 : Determination of Motion Generally: Standards75
- § 6:8 : “Evidence” and Procedure at Detention Hearing77
- § 6:8.1 : Counsel77
- § 6:8.2 : Categories of “Evidence”77
- § 6:8.3 : Testimony by Defendant78
- § 6:8.4 : Testimony by Other Witnesses79
- [A] : Subpoenas79
- [B] : Cross-Examination Right Versus Proffers and Hearsay80
- § 6:8.5 : Discovery Proceeding81
- § 6:8.6 : Ex Parte and In Camera Evidence81
- § 6:8.7 : Intercepted Communications—18 U.S.C. § 2518(9)82
- § 6:8.8 : Validity of Prior Convictions83
- § 6:8.9 : Public Access to Hearings and Documents83
- § 6:9 : Reopening the Hearing84
- § 6:10 : Complex Cases85
- § 6:11 : Rebuttable Presumptions85
- § 6:11.1 : Generally85
- § 6:11.2 : Showings That Trigger a Rebuttable Presumption85
- § 6:11.3 : Showing “Probable Cause”86
- § 6:11.4 : Maximum Sentence Required87
- § 6:11.5 : Effect of Rebuttable Presumption87
- § 6:11.6 : How to Rebut88
- § 6:12 : Constitutionality of Pretrial Detention89
- § 6:12.1 : Generally89
- § 6:12.2 : The Supreme Court89
- § 6:12.3 : The First Circuit90
- § 6:12.4 : The Second Circuit90
- § 6:12.5 : The Third Circuit92
- § 6:12.6 : The Fifth Circuit92
- § 6:12.7 : The Seventh Circuit93
- § 6:12.8 : The Eighth Circuit94
- § 6:12.9 : The Ninth Circuit94
- § 6:12.10 : The Tenth Circuit95
- § 6:12.11 : The Eleventh Circuit95
- § 6:12.12 : The District of Columbia Circuit95
- § 6:12.13 : The District of Columbia Court of Appeals95
- § 6:13 : Practice Pointers96
- Appendix 6A : Motion for Detention Hearing101
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Chapter 7: |
Orders of Release and Detention; And Appendix 7A: Form Orders for Release and Detention |
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- § 7:1 : Generally105
- § 7:2 : Use of Form Orders105
- § 7:3 : Oral Advice by Court105
- § 7:4 : Failure to Appear106
- § 7:5 : Are Warnings Prerequisite to Prosecution?106
- § 7:6 : Written Findings of Fact and Reasons for Order106
- § 7:7 : Separate Findings by District Judge and Magistrate Judge108
- § 7:8 : Order in Each Case108
- § 7:9 : Practice Pointers109
- Appendix 7A : Form Orders for Release and Detention111
- Form AO 199A: Order Setting Conditions of Release113
- Form AO 199B: Additional Conditions of Release115
- Form AO 199C: Advice of Penalties and Sanctions117
- Form AO 472: Detention Order Pending Trial119
- Form AO 100A: Bail Information Sheet121
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Chapter 8: |
Review and Appeal of Orders of Release and Detention |
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- § 8:1 : Generally125
- § 8:2 : Review by District Judge125
- § 8:2.1 : Generally125
- § 8:2.2 : Unreasonable Delay126
- § 8:2.3 : Standard of Review and Procedure Before District Judge127
- § 8:3 : Appeal from District Judge to Court of Appeals129
- § 8:3.1 : Procedure129
- § 8:3.2 : Standard of Review in Court of Appeals130
- § 8:4 : Practice Pointers135
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Chapter 9: |
Failure to Appear |
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- § 9:1 : Generally139
- § 9:2 : What Constitutes the Offense139
- § 9:3 : Defenses141
- § 9:4 : Penalties143
- § 9:5 : Forfeiture of Bond148
- § 9:6 : Practice Pointers149
- § 9:7 : Maximum Imprisonment and Penalties for Failure to Appear150
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Chapter 10: |
Crimes While on Release |
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- § 10:1 : Generally152
- § 10:2 : Penalties153
- § 10:3 : Violations of Federal Law Only155
- § 10:4 : Must Defendant Be Warned at Time of Release?156
- § 10:5 : No Separate Charge Under Sec. 3147 Is Required158
- § 10:6 : Notice to Court and Defendant159
- § 10:7 : Role of Court and Jury in Sec. 3147 Sentence Enhancement160
- § 10:8 : Disposition of Original Federal Charge Irrelevant161
- § 10:9 : Practice Pointers161
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Chapter 11: |
Violations of Conditions |
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- § 11:1 : Generally165
- § 11:2 : Procedure for Revocation of Release166
- § 11:3 : Showing Required167
- § 11:4 : Contempt169
- § 11:5 : Practice Pointers169
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Chapter 12: |
Detention or Release After Adjudication of Guilt |
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- § 12:1 : Generally176
- § 12:2 : Who May Order Release or Detention Pending Appeal177
- § 12:3 : Defendant Convicted and Awaiting Imposition or Execution of Sentence178
- § 12:4 : Defendant Sentenced to Imprisonment and Has Appealed182
- § 12:5 : Defendant Sentenced and Has Not Appealed; Government Has Appealed Sentence188
- § 12:6 : Appeal by Government Under 18 U.S.C. § 3731188
- § 12:7 : Revocation Proceedings Pending—Probation or Supervised Release188
- § 12:8 : Probation or Supervised Release Revoked, Defendant Has Appealed189
- § 12:9 : Practice Pointers—Detention or Release After Adjudication of Guilt190
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Chapter 13: |
Material Witnesses; And Appendix 13A: Form AO 99: Appearance Bond of Witness |
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- § 13:1 : Securing the Arrest of a Material Witness194
- § 13:2 : Detention and Release195
- § 13:3 : Deposition of Witness195
- § 13:4 : Practice Pointers198
- Appendix 13A : Form AO 99: Appearance Bond of Witness201
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Chapter 14: |
Other Matters |
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- § 14:1 : Rule 40(f)—Arrest in a Different District204
- § 14:2 : Surrender of Offender by Surety205
- § 14:3 : Cases Removed from State Court206
- § 14:4 : State Habeas Petitions, Federal Section 2255 Motions, Immigration Hearings, and International Extradition Cases206
- § 14:5 : Effective Date and Retroactivity208
- § 14:6 : Claims Against Collateral209
- § 14:7 : Juveniles210
- § 14:8 : Felonies Committed Outside the United States by Military-Related Defendants210
- § 14:9 : Terrorism and Other Threats to the United States211
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Chapter 15: |
Appendix I: Statute |
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Chapter 16: |
Appendix II: Legislative History |
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Chapter 17: |
Table of Cases |
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Chapter 18: |
Index to Federal Bail and Detention Handbook 2012 |
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